SS-31 (Elamipretide) | Lyophilized Powder | 3mg Vial | ≥99% Purity

CombatResearch.is | For Research Use Only | Not for Human Consumption

Product Overview

SS-31 (Elamipretide | MTP-131 | Bendavia) Lyophilized Powder · 3mg Per Vial · ≥99% Purity (HPLC Verified)

SS-31 — also known as elamipretide — is a synthetic Szeto-Schiller tetrapeptide and the world’s first FDA-approved mitochondria-targeted therapeutic. Originally developed by researchers Hazel Szeto and Peter Schiller at Cornell University, SS-31 is a four-amino-acid cell-penetrating peptide (D-Arg-dimethylTyr-Lys-Phe-NH₂) that selectively concentrates in the inner mitochondrial membrane, where it binds to cardiolipin — the structural phospholipid responsible for organizing the electron transport chain (ETC).

In September 2025, elamipretide received FDA accelerated approval under the brand name FORZINITY for the treatment of Barth syndrome, marking a landmark moment in mitochondrial medicine. CombatResearch.is supplies research-grade SS-31 for in vitro and preclinical investigational use by qualified researchers.

Specifications

Research Background

SS-31 is the most clinically advanced mitochondria-targeted peptide in the research literature. Its primary mechanism involves selective accumulation (>1,000-fold) in the inner mitochondrial membrane, where it stabilizes cardiolipin — the structural lipid that anchors the electron transport chain complexes (CI–CV) in their functional cristae arrangement.

Key research areas in the published literature include:

Cardiolipin Stabilization & ETC Efficiency Cardiolipin degradation is a documented hallmark of mitochondrial aging and dysfunction. SS-31 binding to cardiolipin restores cristae architecture, reduces electron leak, decreases reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and improves ATP output per unit of substrate. Published research in Journal of Biological Chemistry (Zhao et al., 2005) and PNAS established the core mechanistic framework.

Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Models SS-31 has shown consistent protective effects across cardiac, renal, and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion models. The compound attenuates the ROS burst associated with reperfusion and preserves mitochondrial membrane potential during ischemic episodes.

Aging Muscle & Mitochondrial Bioenergetics Campbell et al. (2019, Journal of Gerontology) demonstrated improved mitochondrial energetics in aged skeletal muscle following SS-31 treatment. A 2023 study in GeroScience (Pharaoh et al.) identified improved ADP sensitivity via adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT) as an additional mechanism — meaning treated mitochondria respond more efficiently to energy demand signals.

Barth Syndrome & Primary Mitochondrial Disease The TAZPOWER clinical trial demonstrated multi-year improvements in muscle strength and 6-minute walk distance in Barth syndrome patients, culminating in FDA accelerated approval (September 2025). Barth syndrome’s underlying pathology — defective cardiolipin remodeling via tafazzin mutation — represents the clearest human validation of SS-31’s mechanism of action.

Neurodegenerative & Ophthalmic Models Preclinical evidence supports neuroprotective effects in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and animal models of neurodegeneration, consistent with the high metabolic demands of neural tissue and its vulnerability to mitochondrial dysfunction.

Why Purity Matters for SS-31 Research

SS-31 is a tetrapeptide with specific stereochemical requirements — the D-arginine at position 1 and the dimethyltyrosine (Dmt) at position 2 are critical for mitochondrial targeting and cardiolipin binding affinity. Lower-purity preparations may contain truncated sequences, oxidized Dmt residues, or aggregated product that alters experimental outcomes. CombatResearch.is provides third-party HPLC verification certificates of analysis (CoA) with every batch, confirming sequence integrity and ≥99% purity.

Certificate of Analysis

Every vial ships with a downloadable Certificate of Analysis including:

• HPLC purity trace (≥99% confirmed)
• Mass spectrometry (MS) confirmation of correct molecular weight (639.8 g/mol)
• Batch number and synthesis date
• Storage and handling specifications

CoA available on request prior to purchase.

Reconstitution Guide (For Research Reference)

SS-31 is highly water-soluble and reconstitutes readily in sterile aqueous solution.

1. Allow vial to reach room temperature before opening
2. Add desired volume of sterile bacteriostatic water slowly along the vial wall (do not inject directly onto lyophilized cake)
3. Gently swirl — do not vortex
4. Allow 2–3 minutes for complete dissolution
5. Aliquot immediately if preparing dilute working solutions for cell culture
6. Store reconstituted solution at 4°C; use within 28 days
7. Protect from light during storage

For in vitro cell culture applications, filter-sterilize through a 0.22 µm membrane after reconstitution.

Research Compound Disclaimer

For Research Use Only. Not for Human Consumption. Not for Veterinary Use.

SS-31 / Elamipretide supplied by CombatResearch.is is manufactured for in vitro research and preclinical investigational purposes only. This product is not intended for use in humans or animals. It has not been evaluated by the FDA for safety or efficacy outside of its approved indication (Barth syndrome, as FORZINITY by Stealth BioTherapeutics). Purchase and use is restricted to qualified researchers and institutions operating within applicable local, state, and federal regulations.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is SS-31 used for in research? SS-31 (elamipretide) is used in preclinical research to investigate mitochondrial cardiolipin stabilization, electron transport chain efficiency, ROS modulation, ischemia-reperfusion injury protection, and mitochondrial bioenergetics in aging models.

Is SS-31 the same as elamipretide? Yes. SS-31 is the research name. Elamipretide is the INN (International Nonproprietary Name). Bendavia and MTP-131 are earlier development names. FORZINITY is the FDA-approved pharmaceutical brand name for Barth syndrome indication.

What purity level is required for reliable SS-31 research? For mechanistic in vitro studies, ≥98% purity is generally considered the minimum. CombatResearch.is supplies ≥99% HPLC-verified material, appropriate for high-sensitivity assays including respirometry, ROS quantification, and cardiolipin binding studies.

How should SS-31 be stored prior to reconstitution? Store lyophilized SS-31 at −20°C away from light and humidity. Properly stored lyophilized powder is stable for 24+ months.

Does SS-31 require special handling? SS-31 is non-hazardous and water-soluble. Standard laboratory peptide handling procedures apply. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles of reconstituted solution.

Related Research Compounds

• MOTS-c — Endogenous mitochondrial-derived peptide; complementary mitochondrial research target
• Humanin — Mitochondrial-derived cytoprotective peptide; neuroprotection models
• BPC-157 — Tissue repair and angiogenesis research
• Epitalon — Telomerase activation and cellular longevity research
• Dihexa — Neurotrophic signaling and HGF/MET pathway research

Shipping & Handling

• Ships lyophilized at ambient temperature (stable for transit)
• Recommend cold storage immediately upon receipt
• Discreet packaging
• Domestic US shipping: 2–5 business days
• COA included with every order